Poor indoor air quality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Poor indoor air quality - Essay Example People spend majority of their time indoors and are exposed to numerous indoor contaminants / pollutants from other occupants (exhaled carbon dioxide, second hand smoke, perfume, body odors), building materials (gases, dusts, asbestos etc), furniture and fixtures (dust mites, vapors, gases), dampness (fungus, mould, bacteria) and cleaning agents used (toxic vapors, volatile toxic compounds). High or low level of humidity, improper ventilation, infiltration, lighting and noise also effect air quality. There are standard tests for gauging the air quality and remedies for improving IAQ to the set standards that verify good living condition for us. Poor IAQ can adversely affect health of a person which are summed up as a) Sick Building Syndrome (SBS): where health is adversely effected linked to how much time a person spends indoor yet the cause or illness cannot be identified, b) Multiple Chemical Sensitivities (MCS): where some might come under the effect, however medical opinion remai ns divided, c) Building-Related Illness (BRI): these are more serious yet less frequent cases with clinical symptoms proven linked to the IAQ, d) Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS): arises from passive smoking and increases the risk of coronary heart diseases (The International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC, 2002).

The Civil Reserve Air Fleet :: essays research papers

Abstract The Civil Reserve Air Fleet is a partnership between the Department of Defense and commercial airlines where the airlines contractually commit a portion of their aircraft and crews to be used by the Department in the event of any level of military conflict. These aircraft can be â€Å"called up† and required to respond quickly to provide airlift support to the Department of Defense. There are minimum required levels of participation in order for the airlines to be eligible, and in turn they receive peace time business including passenger and cargo movement approximately in proportion to their commitment level. The program is divided into three segments which include varying amounts and sizes of aircraft that serve specific purposes. There are also three levels of activation depending on the severity of the conflict, which also require different amounts and sizes of aircraft. This program has been in place for nearly 53 years, and has become an essential partnership required fo r an effective United States military. The following pages are an investigation various aspects of the Civil Reserve Air Fleet such as its purpose, history, and effectiveness. The Civil Reserve Air Fleet   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Civil Reserve Air Fleet (CRAF) is a network of select aircraft from several commercial airlines that are all committed in various amounts to the Department of Defense (DoD) to provide airlift resources when the capability of U.S. military aircraft is exceeded. This system is designed so that these carriers can provide military cargo movement and troop transportation to anywhere in the world on short notice in the event of a military conflict. In order for airlines to join the CRAF, they must commit at least 30 percent of their long-range passenger fleet and 15 percent of their long-range cargo planes (Fact Sheet, 2004). These aircraft must also be U.S. registered, capable of over water operations, and have at least four complete crews assigned for each aircraft (Fact Sheet, 2004). Airlines that participate in CRAF have provided vital support to our military since the Korean War (Graham, David, 2003). The Persian Gulf War was the first official activation of th e CRAF, where two thirds of the troops and one quarter of the air cargo was moved by commercial airplanes (Graham, 2003). Though not officially activated, the CRAF is currently supporting Operation Iraqi Freedom, providing nearly double the amount of aircraft that the DoD has estimated for its most demanding war strategies. This paper will provide a brief explanation of the purpose of the CRAF, its history, the effectiveness of the program, and a quick look towards the future of the CRAF.

Black & Decker Power Tools Division

Module| Session| Course/Theme| Case| Who| When| Where| Case Leads/Due Date| T1| 8| Winning Through Marketing Management| Black & Decker – Power Tools Division| Joseph Galli, VP of Sales and MarketingNoran Archibald, CEO| January 1991| Towson, MarylandUnited States| November 28, 2012| What – Situation/Issues/Risks/ Decision| 1. B&D lost its market share of professional-tradesmen tools segment against Makita Electric of Japan 2.Makita held an 80% share in cordless drills, the single largest product category and a 50% professional-tradesmen tools segment share overall compared to 9% share of B&D 3. B&D maintained #1 market position in the Consumer and Professional-Industrial segments; and only 9% market share in Professional-Tradesmen segment| Company Business Model| SWOT| Competitors| PEST (political, economic, social, technological)| * B&D was the world's largest producer of power tools, power tool accessories, electric lawn and garden tools, and residential security har dware. Power tools market was categorized in three segments i. e. * Professional-Industrial Tools – commercial contractors working on large projects where corporation generally buy tools for their employees * Professional-Tradesmen Tools – individual contractors such as carpenters, electricians, plumbers, roofers, framers, etc. bought from Home Depot, Ace Hardware †¦ etc. * Consumer Tools (35% market share) – consumers purchased tools for â€Å"at home† use from mass merchants e. . Wal-mart, Kmart and hardware stores * Nolan became CEO in 1986 with 1st profitable year (~$50 million) after 5 consecutive years of losses, growth continued year after year reaching to an operating of income of ~$500 million in 1990 * 1981 – 1985 company lost money with a $158. 4 million loss in 1985 * B;D $4. 8 billion sales in 1990 (50% revenues from US and 50% from outside world) * Substantial brand equity i. e. 7 in US and #19 in Europe out of 6000 brands * Acqu ired Emhart corporation in 1989 which doubled the revenue and also increased debt to $4. 2 billion i. e. 80% of the total capital| S * Brand awareness (98%) * Efficient distribution channels * Ranked #1 in two of the three segments * Market penetration in all three segments with separate product lines specifically targeted for each segment * Faster (9%) growth rate in weakest segment Some retailers regarded Makita as â€Å"arrogant and dictorial† * Very strong product quality for majority of the items| W * Poor reputation in Prof-Tradesmen segment * Product color scheme (Black ; Charcoal) * Only 9% mkt share in Prof-tradesmen segment * Profitability was near zero| * Makita electric, Milwaukee, Ryobi, Skil, Craftsman, Porter-Cable, Bosch| P * | E * | | O * Improve poor brand quality perception for tradesmen segment * Product color scheme * Reduce SG+A cost, currently at ~25% * | T * Increased competition.The top three manufacturers i. e. Makita, Milwaukee and B;D offer product lines at ~175 SKUs each| | S * Peer pressure, tradesmen laughed at if they use B;D gray things * | T * | Financials| Options ; Evaluation| * | 1. Option 1. Harvest Professional-Tradesmen Channels 2. Option 2. Get Behind Black ; Decker Name with Sub-Branding 3. Option 3. Drop the Black ; Decker Name from the Professional-Tradesmen Segment 4.Option 4. Launch new product line under DeWalt brand in addition to existing B;D product line for Professional-Tradesmen segment. This option is similar to option 3 except under this option a new brand is launched to compete with other suppliers for the targeted market segment. | Recommendation ; Rationale| Action / Implementation| See answer of Q2 below. | See answer of Q3 below. | Key Learnings ; Why is this important| * | Assignment Questions| 1.Why is Makita outselling Black and Decker 8 to 1 in an account that gives them equal shelf space? a. Makita provided a good baseline option in all major categories compared to other suppliers who had s trengths in particular product(s) e. g. Skil provided good circular saws. b. Home Depot strategy of stocking 30K items at prices 30% less compare to traditional hardware stores with superior customer service helped Makita to gain marketplace dominance. Makita offered lower prices i. e. ~5% lower on average compared to B;D products.This also helped Makita to gain good perception from Tradesmen segment buyers as their product quality was reasonably good. 2. What should Joe Galli do? Why? c. I suggest to go with option 4 and use market products under DeWalt’s brand in addition to existing B;D products. This would not hurt existing market share by much and there is great potential of taking away market share from Makita and other suppliers by launching products under a well reputable brand â€Å"DeWalt† in a different color. . Step back and take a big-picture view of the sort of â€Å"change process† that would accompany your recommendations. What would it take to m ake this successful? How about Galli's role — how would you evaluate his ability to be an effective change leader? d. To avoid internal conflict and loosing existing B&D market share, the recommendation is to use DeWalt brand to produce power tools for tradesmen segment in addition to existing B&D products.It would require designing and manufacturing power tools in different color, material and shape to differentiate from existing B&D products with a strong marketing & sales campaign with mass retailers like Home Depot, Lowes, †¦ etc. Dewalt already has a good brand recognition with top quality perception for the target market segment. Additionally, Galli has past experience of transitioning B&D saw blades to â€Å"Piranha by B&D† therefore it is safer to assume that he can lead this change to introduce new product line under DeWalt brand.

The Generalist Social Work Practice - 1331 Words

This perspective can relate to the generalist social work practice because the client’s environment and what is happening around them will always affect them. For example, if you are working with someone with a drug addiction, their environment of being around other drugs and drug addicts, can continue them down this path. Therefore, to resolve the issue, you must work with them and the environment they are in to help them. The community that anyone lives in is the community they are comfortable with. This perspective with help the social worker also gain knowledge over different types of communities and societies, as well as help their clients. The next perspective I chose was the strengths perspective. I chose this perspective because it†¦show more content†¦Another example of this strength perspective is S.J. and Mike’s relationship. From the beginning of the movie, S.J. took a liking to Mike. He encouraged him and he talked to him when others did not. Throughout this movie, you see S.J. and Mike get very close. Not only does S.J. help Mike with football, and training/ working him physically, but he tells him he is proud of him and how good at football he is. S.J. video tapes every one of Mike’s practices and games because he know it will help Mike, This is an example of strength perspective because instead of focusing on all the wrong things that could happen with bringing a strange colored man into a white home, S.J. embraces the idea. He brings Mike up and he allows Mike to see the things he is best at. The macro study of the strength perspective could be working with the community in the adaption of a large black man into their white and normal culture. We could work with the community in order to reveal the strengths of this idea and the benefits to accepting it. Not only can we work on the ideas of accepting it, but we can work on the base of why they do not accept it. This can allow us to work as a community in order to accept the change, rather than deny it. They can, â€Å"Map out a domain of community strengths and building upon existing networks of support and the strengths of the individual, group and community. In addition it seeks to reinforce the strengths of individuals and of the community through variousShow MoreRelatedThe Generalist Social Work Practice1210 Words   |  5 Pages In the generalist social work practice, a social worker is a change agent due to the expansive and complex umbrella of social and human services and roles. A change agent works to promote positive changes for the well-being of an individual, family, group, organization or community. In order to fulfill the tasks of a social worker, one should be trained and equipped with a wide variety of skills: such as setting appropriate boundaries, possessing and utilizing self-awareness and the ability to counselRead MoreGeneralist Social Work Practice Methods771 Words   |  4 PagesGeneralist Social Work Practice Methods has been an informative course and highly addresses a lot of skills that we will use during our social work careers. Through learning different assessment models, identifying different crisis situations, and discussing several different populations that we will work with in the future, I was able to self-reflect on my own personal values and ethics that will allow me to grow as a Social Worker. Within the 7 weeks of this course, completing journals that addressRead MoreArgumentative Essay : Generalist Social Work Practice1192 Words   |  5 PagesTwo: Generalist Social Work Practice Dating back to the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century two women who impacted the field of social work and its beginning were Jane Addams and Mary Richmond. These two ladies pioneered something that later became one of the most influential evidence based practices that has helped to bring social justice and social support to communities, individuals, and groups. The area of social work later developed the generalist practiceRead MoreImportance Of Generalist Approach In Social Work1743 Words   |  7 PagesApplying the Generalist Practice Approach to Social Work with Child Advocacy Centers The basic foundation of the generalist practice approach began in the early 1900s. By the 1960s, the generalist approach started evolving into the description of individuals who had the abilities to work at different practice levels ranging from individual to community (Schatz et al, 1990). In the mid-1970s, the core curriculum for the generalist practice social worker was generated. In 1987, Schatz and JenkinsRead MoreEssay about The Generalist Practice: A Balance of Art and Science1515 Words   |  7 Pagesthus the generalist practitioner must strive to understand the interrelationship among such agents of influence in order to provide effective service to the individuals, families, groups, communities, and systems he or she serves. The task for the generalist practitioner is to apply skill, knowledge, systematic methodology, research, and best practice in an effort to achieve well-being and promote the health of society. My paper will define and explore critical thinking, evidenc e-based practice, andRead MoreGeneralist Social Worker Practice At The Micro, Mezzo And Macro Levels913 Words   |  4 Pagesa. Generalist social workers practice at the micro, mezzo and macro levels. How do you see these levels as connected? Generalist social worker practice at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels are connected by the mission of generalist social work practice. Each of the three levels of generalist social worker practice share the same mission to enhance social functioning, facilitate social change, and promote social justice for all individuals and groups by implementing interventions. Beyond the sharedRead MoreProfessional Identity Of Social Workers852 Words   |  4 Pagesof social workers is as presented in the book? Dr. Flexner described the identity of social work as â€Å"not being a profession because its practice was not based on a systematic body of knowledge and theory which lacked the authority to given by professionals† (Specht Courtney, 1994, P. 87). He later pointed out, â€Å"social workers usually acted as staff in assisting those of other professional such as doctors and attorneys† (Specht Courtney, 1994, P. 87). In conclusion, he stated that social workersRead MoreTruman W. Smith s Vision1256 Words   |  6 Pagesgender, religion, or economic status. B. The social workers role at TWSCCC is extremely broad. The social worker’s primary duty is to coordinate the admitting and discharging of residents, and making sure residents receive all services needed. The social worker also acts as a liaison between the facility and family members, does shopping for patient’s clothes and hygiene items, and helps coordinate community outings and activities. In my opinion, social workers are best suited to fulfill this positionRead MoreThe Importance Of A Generalist Social Worker Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pagescouple of decades, the social work field as a whole has grown and broadened to incorporate case work, group work, and integrating the community. Joining these expanded ideas all together resulted in the National Association of Social Work, or the NASW. A leader of the NASW, Harriet Bartlett wrote a well-known book, The Common Base of Social Work Practice. She said that all social workers need knowledge about individuals, groups and the community that is related to their social functioning but not limitedRead MoreSpecialization Among Other Health Care Professionals Essay1296 Words   |  6 Pagesoutgrowth of scientific discovery, entrepreneurial practice as well as technological development, nursing specialization was also a recent response to this system of specialized medicine (Palmeiere 1981). This leads us to the discourses on how to tap the expertise of these specialized nurses into rendering services in remote and underserved areas in a country. There are numerous examples of how family nurse practitioners have bridged the gaps in the generalist physician shortages in many parts of USA. And